Greater Iran – Items
Tombstone, Ghazni, 1030, Epigraphic Round Script
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Cite
APA
Viola Allegranzi, ., & Martina Massullo, . (n.d.). Tombstone, Ghazni, 1030, Epigraphic Round Script (1–), CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3810
Chicago
Viola Allegranzi, and Martina Massullo. n.d. “Tombstone, Ghazni, 1030, Epigraphic Round Script.”, CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3810
MLA
Viola Allegranzi, and Martina Massullo. Tombstone, Ghazni, 1030, Epigraphic Round Script, CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3810
Item descriptor
- Copyrights Holder
- CallFront
- License
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- Entry ID
- Afghanistan_VA_MM_01
- Date
- 421 (rabīʿ al-āḫir) H.
- 1030
- Localization Exactitude Degree
- Exact
- Place of Production
- Afghanistan, Ghazni
- Present Location
- Ghazni, Rawza hill
- Language
- Arabic
- Type of text
- Funerary text
- Text Content
- توفي رحمة الله عليه و نور حفرته و بيض وجهه عشية يوم الخميس لسبع بقين من شهر ربيع الاخر سنة احدى و عشرين واربع ماية غفر له
- Script
- Epigraphic Round Script
- Color of the Script
- no trace of color left
- Type of Object
- cenotaph/tombstone
- Writing Surface
- stone\type of stone\alabaster
- Shape (Epigraphy)
- other
- Size (of the object)
- unknown
- Layout (Epigraphy & Objects)
- Six horizontal lines on the Eastern face of the top element.
- Technique
- carved / bas-relief - flat relief
- Instrument
- chisel
- Remarks (Support)
- The epitaph is inscribed inside a trilobed catouche. Name and titles of the deceased (the Ghaznavid ruler Maḥmūd b. Sebüktegin, d. 421 H./1030) are inscribed in Kufic style on the Western face of the same support.
- Bibliography
- RCEA, VI, n. 2377, 2380
- Flury, Samuel. “Le décor épigraphique des monuments de Ghazna.” Syria 6, no. 1 (1925): 61–90.
- Jalali, Ghulam Gilani. Ġazna va Ġaznaviyān. Kabul, 1951. 215-16
- Riḍā, Muḥammad. Riyāḍ al-alwāḥ. Muštamil bar katibahā-yi qubūr va abniya-yi Ġazna. Kabul, 1967. 119-20.
- Abd al-Hayy, Habibi. A Short History of Calligraphy and Epigraphy in Afghanistan. Kabul, 1971. fig. p. 180-81
- Giunta, Roberta. “The Tomb of Muḥammad Al-Harawī (447/1055) at Ġaznī (Afghanistan) and Some New Observations on the Tomb of Maḥmūd the Ġaznavid.” East and West 51, no. 1/2 (2001): 109–26.
- Giunta, Roberta. Les inscriptions funéraires de Ġaznī (IVe-IXe/Xe-XVe Siècles). Series Maior 8. Università degli studi di Napoli L’Orientale, 2003. 27-44, no. 2, pl. IV-VIII .
Script descriptor
See the lexicon
General Script Characteristics
- Shape
- trefoil
- Internal Structure
- linear
- Character Spacing
- regular spaces between characters
- Presence of Elongation
- rare
- Elongated Letters
- yā’ rajiah
- Ligature
- Conventional - curvilinear
- Shading / Contrast
- medium contrast
Letter Morphology
- Point
- round dot
Ascenders
Descenders
- rā' zā' descenders
- hooked tail
- mīm descenders
- convex downstroke
- yā’ al-rāji’ah descenders
- backward horizontal stroke below baseline
denticles
- initial and medial bāʾ tāʾthāʾ nūn yāʾ denticles
- bevelled top
counters
- hā' counters
- initial / medial double-eyed top and bottom (mulawwazah)
- final one-eyed (mardufah) rounded
- fā' qāf wāw counters
- triangular pointed head
- medial 'ain ghayn counters
- compact inverted triangle / open or closed eye
vocalization and diacritics
- shadda vocalization and diacritics
- short denticles
- ihmāl vocalization and diacritics
- V shape
Other
- additional characteristics
- diacritical points are not systematically used
- ornamental U-shaped alif-lam used to balance the negative space
- symmetrical lam-alif with two diagonal arms
- jim-ha-kha curled eyebrow sloping down