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Eastern Africa & Indian Ocean – Items

Codex, Harar, 1798, Naskhī

  • Ethiopia_SM_03b
  • Ethiopia_SM_03c
  • Ethiopia_SM_03d
  • Ethiopia_SM_03e
  • Ethiopia_SM_03f
  • Ethiopia_SM_03g
  • Ethiopia_SM_03h
  • csv

Cite

APA

Sana Mirza, . (n.d.). Codex, Harar, 1798, Naskhī (1–), CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3830

Chicago

Sana Mirza. n.d. “Codex, Harar, 1798, Naskhī.”, CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3830

MLA

Sana Mirza. Codex, Harar, 1798, Naskhī, CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3830

Item descriptor

Copyrights Holder
CallFront
License
CC BY-SA-4.0
Entry ID
Ethiopia_SM_03
Author
Sana Mirza
Contributor(s)
Nuria Garcia Masip
Date
6 Rajab 1213
December 14, 1798
Localization Exactitude Degree
Exact
Place of Production
Ethiopia, Harari region, Harar
Remarks (Place of Production)
The place of production is an attribution based on stylistic analysis
Present Location
Washington DC, Library of Congress
Language
Arabic
Title of the Document (If Relevant)
Qur'an
Type of text
Quran
Script
Naskhī regional variant
Color of the Script
black
Signature
? ibn al-Garād ʿUmar ibn al-Amir Yūsuf
Signature Role
calligrapher
Remarks (General Identification)
This entry is for only the Qur'anic text and not the paratextual materials in the manuscript.
Type of Object
manuscript\codex
Writing Surface
paper\type of paper\European paper
Ruling (Manuscript)
15 lines per page
Technique
written
Ink
carbon-based ink (midād)
red ink

Script descriptor

See the lexicon

General Script Characteristics

Internal Structure
linear
Character Spacing
regular spaces between characters
Ligature
Conventional - curvilinear
Shading / Contrast
medium contrast

Letter Morphology

Point
inclined square
inclined partial square
Ascenders
Alif Ascenders
alif - non serifed
Lām Ascenders
lām - vertical
lām - non serifed
Kāf Ascenders
Initial /medial compact form diagonal body
no top arm and superscript kāf
ṭā' ẓā' ascenders
rounded body
vertical shaft no serif
Descenders
wāw descenders
wāw - short curvilinear tail
rā' zā' descenders
rā'/zā' - short curvilinear tail
rā'/zā' - s-shaped
mīm descenders
mīm - short curvilinear tail
mīm - vertical downstroke
nūn sīn shīn sādḍād yā’ lām and qāf descenders
wide bowl
elongated curvilinear deep bowl
final lām straight horizontal bowl below baseline
jīm ḥāʾ khā' and ‘ain ghayn descenders
backward tail
opening horizontal
yā’ al-rāji’ah descenders
backward horizontal stroke

horizontals

bāʾ tāʾ thāʾ fāʾ kāf horizontals
short bowl

denticles

sīn shīn denticles
short pointed denticles
initial and medial bāʾ tāʾthāʾ nūn yāʾ denticles
initial slightly inclined to left
medial short pointed denticles

counters

hā' counters
initial / medial double eyed (wajh al-hirr)
initial / medial double-eyed top and bottom (mulawwazah)
initial / medial bottom v-shaped
final one-eyed (mardufah) inclined to left
isolated one-eyed round (mu'arrāh)
medial 'ain ghayn counters
compact inverted triangle / open or closed eye
mīm counters
circular head closed eye

vocalization and diacritics

fatḥa kasra vocalization and diacritics
horizontal stroke
ḍamma vocalization and diacritics
horizontal tail
closed eye
hamza vocalization and diacritics
small ‘ain
sukūn vocalization and diacritics
small circle
shadda vocalization and diacritics
tall denticles
Image ID Entry
Ethiopia_SM_03a
Description
Single-volume Qur’an, copied by ? ibn al-Garād ʿUmar ibn al-Amir Yūsuf, completed on 6 Rajab 1213/ December 14, 1798, endowed by Haji Muḥammad Sharīf ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Sharīf. Harar, Ethiopia. Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
Photographer
Sana Mirza
Copyrights Holder
Library of Congress
License
CC-BY-SA-4.0
Access Rights
Public
Image ID Entry
Ethiopia_SM_03b
Description
Single-volume Qur’an, copied by ? ibn al-Garād ʿUmar ibn al-Amir Yūsuf, completed on 6 Rajab 1213/ December 14, 1798, endowed by Haji Muḥammad Sharīf ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Sharīf. Harar, Ethiopia. Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
Photographer
Sana Mirza
Copyrights Holder
Library of Congress
License
CC-BY-SA-4.0
Access Rights
Public
Image ID Entry
Ethiopia_SM_03c
Description
Single-volume Qur’an, copied by ? ibn al-Garād ʿUmar ibn al-Amir Yūsuf, completed on 6 Rajab 1213/ December 14, 1798, endowed by Haji Muḥammad Sharīf ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Sharīf. Harar, Ethiopia. Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
Photographer
Sana Mirza
Copyrights Holder
Library of Congress
License
CC-BY-SA-4.0
Access Rights
Public
Image ID Entry
Ethiopia_SM_03d
Description
Single-volume Qur’an, copied by ? ibn al-Garād ʿUmar ibn al-Amir Yūsuf, completed on 6 Rajab 1213/ December 14, 1798, endowed by Haji Muḥammad Sharīf ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Sharīf. Harar, Ethiopia. Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
Photographer
Sana Mirza
Copyrights Holder
Library of Congress
License
CC-BY-SA-4.0
Access Rights
Public
Image ID Entry
Ethiopia_SM_03e
Description
Single-volume Qur’an, copied by ? ibn al-Garād ʿUmar ibn al-Amir Yūsuf, completed on 6 Rajab 1213/ December 14, 1798, endowed by Haji Muḥammad Sharīf ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Sharīf. Harar, Ethiopia. Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
Photographer
Sana Mirza
Copyrights Holder
Library of Congress
License
CC-BY-SA-4.0
Access Rights
Public
Image ID Entry
Ethiopia_SM_03f
Description
Single-volume Qur’an, copied by ? ibn al-Garād ʿUmar ibn al-Amir Yūsuf, completed on 6 Rajab 1213/ December 14, 1798, endowed by Haji Muḥammad Sharīf ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Sharīf. Harar, Ethiopia. Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
Photographer
Sana Mirza
Copyrights Holder
Library of Congress
License
CC-BY-SA-4.0
Access Rights
Public
Image ID Entry
Ethiopia_SM_03g
Description
Single-volume Qur’an, copied by ? ibn al-Garād ʿUmar ibn al-Amir Yūsuf, completed on 6 Rajab 1213/ December 14, 1798, endowed by Haji Muḥammad Sharīf ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Sharīf. Harar, Ethiopia. Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
Photographer
Sana Mirza
Copyrights Holder
Library of Congress
License
CC-BY-SA-4.0
Access Rights
Public
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