Tombstone, Thatta, early 16th century, Muḥaqqaq · CallFront

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Tombstone, Thatta, early 16th century, Muḥaqqaq

Pakistan_FQ_01a
Pakistan_FQ_01b

csv

Item descriptor

Copyrights Holder: CallFront
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Entry ID: Pakistan_FQ_01
Author: Fatima Quraishi
Date: 1501 – 1525
Localization Exactitude Degree: Exact
Place of Production: Pakistan, Sindh province, Thatta, Makli Necropolis, Funerary enclosure of Mubarak Khan
Language: Arabic
Type of text: Quran
Nature of the Text: Reference for Quranic verses
Text Content: 3:18-19 & 2:285-286
Script: Muḥaqqaq
Type of Object: cenotaph/tombstone
Writing Surface: stone\type of stone\sandstone
Shape (Epigraphy): rectangular
Layout (Epigraphy & Objects): 2
Technique: carved / bas-relief - flat relief
Instrument: chisel

Script descriptor

See the lexicon

General Script Characteristics

Shape: rectangular
Internal Structure: piled; interwoven
Groups of Characters Baseline: oblique
Character Spacing: no spacing between characters
Presence of Elongation: absent
Ligature: Conventional - curvilinear
Shading / Contrast: medium contrast

Letter Morphology

Point: round dot

Ascenders

Alif Ascenders: alif - slight top serif
Lām Ascenders: lām - inclined to left; lām - slight top serif
Kāf Ascenders: initial medial and final elongated (mabsūṭah); Initial /medial compact form diagonal body; no top arm and superscript kāf
ṭā' ẓā' ascenders: rounded body; vertical shaft inclined to left

Descenders

wāw descenders: wāw - long flattened, tapered tail; wāw - rounded tail
rā' zā' descenders: rā'/zā' - long flattened, tapered tail
nūn sīn shīn sādḍād yā’ lām and qāf descenders: wide bowl

horizontals

bāʾ tāʾ thāʾ fāʾ kāf horizontals: bāʾ, tāʾ, thāʾ, fāʾ, kāf - curvilinear flattened bowl

denticles

sīn shīn denticles: rounded base denticles
initial and medial bāʾ tāʾthāʾ nūn yāʾ denticles: initial perpendicular to baseline; medial short pointed denticles

counters

hā' counters: final one-eyed (mardufah); final s-shaped (muḥdawdibah)
fā' qāf wāw counters: rounded head needle point eye
medial 'ain ghayn counters: wide inverted triangle
mīm counters: circular head closed eye

vocalization and diacritics

ḍamma vocalization and diacritics: oblique tail (10°-35°); needle point eye
hamza vocalization and diacritics: small ‘ain
shadda vocalization and diacritics: tall denticles
ihmāl vocalization and diacritics: subscript miniature letter for hā’/ ʿayn/ sīn / sād / ṭa

Image ID Entry: Pakistan_FQ_01a
Description: Tombstone, Thatta, early 16th century, Muḥaqqaq
Photographer: Fatima Quraishi
Copyrights Holder: Fatima Quraishi
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Access Rights: Public

Image ID Entry: Pakistan_FQ_01b
Description: Tombstone, Thatta, early 16th century, Muḥaqqaq
Photographer: Fatima Quraishi
Copyrights Holder: Fatima Quraishi
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Access Rights: Public