South Asia – Items
Tombstone, Khambhat, 1300, Thuluth
-
Cite
APA
Elizabeth Lambourn, . (n.d.). Tombstone, Khambhat, 1300, Thuluth (1–), CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3899
Chicago
Elizabeth Lambourn. n.d. “Tombstone, Khambhat, 1300, Thuluth.”, CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3899
MLA
Elizabeth Lambourn. Tombstone, Khambhat, 1300, Thuluth, CallFront, accessed July 26, 2026, https://callfront.inha.fr/s/callfront/item/3899
Item descriptor
- Copyrights Holder
- CallFront
- License
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- Entry ID
- India_EL_02
- Author
- Elizabeth Lambourn
- Contributor(s)
- Nuria Garcia Masip
- Date
- 30 Jumāda al-awwal 699 H.
- February 22, 1300
- Localization Exactitude Degree
- Exact
- Place of Production
- India, Gujarat State, Khambhat
- Present Location
- David Collection, Copenhagen 18-2015
- Language
- Arabic
- Type of text
- Funerary text
- Nature of the Text
- Epitaph
- Shahada
- Reference for hadith texts (Wensinck's Concordance)
- Text Content
- Surah Āl 'Imrān (III, 18-19); surah al-Rahmān (55, 26-27) Epitaph: hādhá qabr al-'abd al-da'īf al-'arīb al-marhūm al-maghfūr al-madhnab al-mutāj ilá rahmat Allāh ta'ālá Kamāl al-Dīn Sulaymān ibn Ahmad ibn Husayn ibn Abī Sharaf al-Bammī taghammadahu Allāh bi-l-rahmah wa-l-ridwān was askanahu fī dār al-junān tuwuffiya yawm al-ithnayn salkh Jumādá al-Awwal sanata tis'ah was tis'īn wa sittimi'ah.
- Script
- Thuluth
- Remarks (General Identification)
-
High relief carved mihrab motif within head of arch.
Until 1971 at head of a grave outside shrine of Parvaz Shah (Khambhat) (reported by Desai 1971). In UK private collection from 1980s, sold at Christies 2015, see https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-5930796 (which completely “forgets” earlier records of Indian provenance). - Type of Object
- cenotaph/tombstone
- Writing Surface
- stone\type of stone\marble
- Size (of the object)
- 73.1 x 36.8 cm
- Layout (Epigraphy & Objects)
- 7 lines thuluth with thuluth borders
- Technique
- carved / bas-relief - flat relief
- Instrument
- chisel
- Bibliography
- Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy (1959-60), insc. D131.
- Desai, Z.A. “Some Fourteenth Century Epitaphs from Cambay in Gujarat.” In Epigraphia Indica, Arabic and Persian Supplement. 1971. insc. 1, pp. 5-7, Plate I(a).
- Musee d’art et d’histoire. Calligraphie Islamique: Textes Sacrés et Profanes. Musee d’art et d’histoire, 1988. Genève. Exhibition catalogue.
Script descriptor
See the lexicon
General Script Characteristics
- Shape
- rectangular
- Presence of Elongation
- rare
- Elongated Letters
- bā’/fā’ bowl
- lām bowl
- nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā’, lām and qāf bowl
- sīn/shin denticles
- Length of Elongation
- varied length of elongations
- Shading / Contrast
- medium contrast
Letter Morphology
- Point
- inclined square
Ascenders
Descenders
- rā' zā' descenders
- rā'/zā' - s-shaped
- nūn sīn shīn sādḍād yā’ lām and qāf descenders
- wide deep bowl
- nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā', lām, qāf - plunging bowl
- jīm ḥāʾ khā' and ‘ain ghayn descenders
- looped tail
- yā’ al-rāji’ah descenders
- backward oblique stroke
horizontals
- bāʾ tāʾ thāʾ fāʾ kāf horizontals
- bāʾ, tāʾ, thāʾ, fāʾ, kāf - deep plunging bowl
denticles
- initial and medial bāʾ tāʾthāʾ nūn yāʾ denticles
- initial slightly inclined to left
counters
- hā' counters
- medial v-shape with bottom closed loop towards the right
- initial / medial double eyed (wajh al-hirr)
- final s-shaped (muḥdawdibah)
- fā' qāf wāw counters
- rounded head needle point eye
- medial 'ain ghayn counters
- compact inverted triangle / open or closed eye
- mīm counters
- circular head
Other
- additional characteristics
- Spider-like quality from stacked thin tails and bowl endings