Manuscript, origin unknown, 1408-1409, Biḥārī · CallFront

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Manuscript, origin unknown, 1408-1409, Biḥārī

India_EBP_MB_03a
India_EBP_MB_03b
India_EBP_MB_03c
India_EBP_MB_03d
India_EBP_MB_03e
India_EBP_MB_03f

csv

Item descriptor

Copyrights Holder: CallFront
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Entry ID: India_EBP_MB_03
Author: Monique Burési; Eloïse Brac de la Perrière
Date: 811 H.; 1408 – 1409
Place of Production: India
Remarks (Place of Production): colophon
Present Location: Leyde, University Library, Or. 18320
Language: Arabic
Title of the Document (If Relevant): Quran
Type of text: Quran
Script: Biḥārī
Color of the Script: black; gold
Signature: Muḥammad b. Maʿrūf b. Ḥamīd b. Maḥmūd b. Mawfūq al-Raḍī
Signature Role: calligrapher
Remarks (General Identification): colophon
Type of Object: manuscript\codex
Size (of the object): 26.9 x 14.5 cm
Layout (Epigraphy & Objects): 13
Technique: written
Instrument: reed pen
Bibliography: Brac de la Perrière, Éloïse. “Prisme Indien : Recherches Sur Les Corans En Écriture Bihari Des Origines à Nos Jours. Dossier d’Habilitation à Diriger Des Recherches, Vol. 2 - Ouvrage Original.” Dossier d’Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches, vol. 2 - ouvrage original, Aix-Marseille université, 2015. Cat. 9.

Script descriptor

See the lexicon

General Script Characteristics

Groups of Characters Baseline: partial stacking of characters
Character Spacing: irregular spaces between groups of words
Presence of Elongation: frequent
Elongated Letters: bā’/fā’ bowl; yā’ rajiah; transition between sīn and mīm; nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā’, lām and qāf bowl; kāf bowl; transition between sīn and denticle; transition between qāf and denticle
Length of Elongation: varied length of elongations
Ligature: Abusive - ‘alif and lām; Abusive - wāw and nūn; Abusive - dāl and yā’
Shading / Contrast: strong contrast

Letter Morphology

Point: inclined partial square

Ascenders

Alif Ascenders: alif - non serifed
Lām Ascenders: lām - inclined to left; lām - vertical; lām - non serifed
Kāf Ascenders: initial medial and final elongated (mabsūṭah); initial /medial compact form rounded body; Initial /medial compact form diagonal body; top arm with final hook
ṭā' ẓā' ascenders: rounded swollen body; vertical shaft inclined to left

Descenders

wāw descenders: wāw - thick angular oblique tapered tail
rā' zā' descenders: rā'/zā' - short almost horizontal tail; rā'/zā' - v-shaped; rā'/zā' - thick angular oblique tapered tail
nūn sīn shīn sādḍād yā’ lām and qāf descenders: nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā', lām, qāf - elongated curvilinear flattened bowl; nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā', lām, qāf - long diagonal tail; elongated curvilinear deep bowl; final lām straight horizontal bowl below baseline
jīm ḥāʾ khā' and ‘ain ghayn descenders: opening downwards
yā’ al-rāji’ah descenders: backward oblique stroke

horizontals

bāʾ tāʾ thāʾ fāʾ kāf horizontals: bāʾ, tāʾ, thāʾ, fāʾ, kāf - elongated curvilinear flattened bowl

denticles

sīn shīn denticles: medial zig-zag denticles
initial and medial bāʾ tāʾthāʾ nūn yāʾ denticles: initial perpendicular to baseline; initial slightly inclined to left; leftward stroke with short hook; medial short pointed denticles

counters

hā' counters: isolated one-eyed triangular (murabba'ah); initial / medial double eyed (wajh al-hirr)
fā' qāf wāw counters: triangular pointed head
medial 'ain ghayn counters: compact inverted triangle / open or closed eye; wide inverted triangle
mīm counters: triangular head flat on baseline; circular head; rounded head pointed chin

vocalization and diacritics

fatḥa kasra vocalization and diacritics: horizontal stroke
fatḥa kasra vocalization and diacritics colour: black
ḍamma vocalization and diacritics: horizontal tail
ḍamma vocalization and diacritics colour: black
hamza vocalization and diacritics: small inverse Z
hamza vocalization and diacritics colour: black
sukūn vocalization and diacritics: circle
shadda vocalization and diacritics: tall denticles

Other

additional characteristics: Large open dāl, pointing upwards; great variety of lām-alif; lām-alif with alif inclined sharply towards the right; Lām- alif with alif pointing upwards; sād/ḍād rounded swollen bodys; initial ‘ayn and ghayn with large curled eyebrow; certain letters connected to the top arm of medial elongated kaf; mīm connected to the double eyed (wajh al-hirr); Vowels are systematically placed

Image ID Entry: India_EBP_MB_03a
Description: Manuscript, origin unknown, 1408-1409, Biḥārī
Photographer: Leiden University Library
License: CC - PDM 1.0 DEED
Access Rights: Public

Image ID Entry: India_EBP_MB_03b
Description: Manuscript, origin unknown, 1408-1409, Biḥārī
Photographer: Leiden University Library
License: CC - PDM 1.0 DEED
Access Rights: Public

Image ID Entry: India_EBP_MB_03c
Description: Manuscript, origin unknown, 1408-1409, Biḥārī
Photographer: Leiden University Library
License: CC - PDM 1.0 DEED
Access Rights: Public

Image ID Entry: India_EBP_MB_03d
Description: Manuscript, origin unknown, 1408-1409, Biḥārī
Photographer: Leiden University Library
License: CC - PDM 1.0 DEED
Access Rights: Public

Image ID Entry: India_EBP_MB_03e
Description: Manuscript, origin unknown, 1408-1409, Biḥārī
Photographer: Leiden University Library
License: CC - PDM 1.0 DEED
Access Rights: Public

Image ID Entry: India_EBP_MB_03f
Description: Manuscript, origin unknown, 1408-1409, Biḥārī
Photographer: Leiden University Library
License: CC - PDM 1.0 DEED
Access Rights: Public