Manuscript, origin unknown, 1688, Biḥārī · CallFront

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Manuscript, origin unknown, 1688, Biḥārī

India_EBP_MB_10a
India_EBP_MB_10b

csv

Item descriptor

Copyrights Holder: CallFront
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Entry ID: India_EBP_MB_10
Author: Monique Burési; Eloïse Brac de la Perrière
Date: 25 Rabīʿ II 1099 H.; February 28, 1688
Place of Production: India
Present Location: Kaboul, Archives nationales, 3790/54/21
Language: Arabic
Title of the Document (If Relevant): Quran
Type of text: Quran
Script: Biḥārī
Color of the Script: black
Signature: Khayr Muḥammad b. Ḥāfiẓ Niʿmatullāh
Signature Role: calligrapher
Remarks (General Identification): colophon
Type of Object: manuscript\codex
Technique: written
Instrument: reed pen
Bibliography: Richard, Francis. Manuscrits Avec Colophon Des Archives Nationales d’Afghanistan, Kaboul: Liste Préliminaire et Sauvegarde Photographique. Istituto per l’Oriente C. A. Nallino, 2022. Cat. 11, p. 34, fig. 18 (colophon). cat. 83, p. 149, fig. 154 (colophon) and 155.

Script descriptor

See the lexicon

General Script Characteristics

Presence of Elongation: frequent
Elongated Letters: bā’/fā’ bowl; kāf bowl; nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā’, lām and qāf bowl; transition between sīn and mīm
Length of Elongation: varied length of elongations
Shading / Contrast: strong contrast

Letter Morphology

Point: inclined partial square

Ascenders

Alif Ascenders: alif - non serifed; alif - thin shaft
Lām Ascenders: lām - inclined to left; lām - non serifed; lām - thin shaft
Kāf Ascenders: final vertical shaft, slightly inclined to left with top arm (sarkaj)
ṭā' ẓā' ascenders: rounded swollen body, thick horizontal bottom stroke; vertical shaft inclined to left

Descenders

wāw descenders: wāw - short curvilinear tail
rā' zā' descenders: rā'/zā' - short curvilinear tail; rā'/zā' - s-shaped
mīm descenders: straight diagonal to left; mīm - vertical downstroke
nūn sīn shīn sādḍād yā’ lām and qāf descenders: nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā', lām, qāf - curvilinear flattened bowl; nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā', lām, qāf - elongated curvilinear flattened bowl

horizontals

bāʾ tāʾ thāʾ fāʾ kāf horizontals: bāʾ, tāʾ, thāʾ, fāʾ, kāf - elongated curvilinear flattened bowl; bāʾ, tāʾ, thāʾ, fāʾ, kāf - curvilinear flattened bowl

denticles

sīn shīn denticles: short pointed denticles; rounded base denticles
initial and medial bāʾ tāʾthāʾ nūn yāʾ denticles: initial slightly inclined to left; initial perpendicular to baseline; medial short pointed denticles; leftward stroke with short hook

counters

hā' counters: isolated one-eyed triangular (murabba'ah); initial / medial double eyed (wajh al-hirr); final one-eyed (mardufah)
fā' qāf wāw counters: triangular pointed head
medial 'ain ghayn counters: wide inverted triangle
mīm counters: triangular head pointed chin

vocalization and diacritics

fatḥa kasra vocalization and diacritics: horizontal stroke; vertical stroke inclined to left (before a long)
fatḥa kasra vocalization and diacritics colour: black
ḍamma vocalization and diacritics: horizontal tail
ḍamma vocalization and diacritics colour: black
hamza vocalization and diacritics: small inverse Z
hamza vocalization and diacritics colour: black
sukūn vocalization and diacritics: circle
shadda vocalization and diacritics: tall denticles touching upper vowel; tall denticles touching upper vowel

Other

additional characteristics: sād/ḍād rounded swollen body; Vowels are systematically placed

Image ID Entry: India_EBP_MB_10a
Description: Manuscript, origin unknown, 1688, Biḥārī
Photographer: Francis Richard
Copyrights Holder: Kaboul, Archives nationales, 3790/54/21
License: All rights reserved
Access Rights: Public

Image ID Entry: India_EBP_MB_10b
Description: Manuscript, origin unknown, 1688, Biḥārī
Photographer: Francis Richard
Copyrights Holder: Kaboul, Archives nationales, 3790/54/21
License: All rights reserved
Access Rights: Public