Manuscript, Uttar Pradesh, second half of the 15th Century, --

Copyrights Holder: CallFront
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Entry ID: India_VG_01
Author: Vivek Gupta
Date: 1451 – 1500
Localization Exactitude Degree: Exact
Place of Production: India, Uttar Pradesh State
Present Location: Bharat Kala Bhavan, Varanasi
Language: Hindavi; Persian
Title of the Document (If Relevant): Chandayan
Type of text: Poetry
Nature of the Text: Other
Text Content: Sufi narrative poetry. Text is verse 137 "Biraspati Identifies Lorik to Chanda", Richard Cohen, trans. The Chandayan, Mumbai: Marg Publications, 2024, p. 172.
Script: Other
Color of the Script: black; red
Type of Object: manuscript\codex
Size (of the object): 21 x 14 cm
Technique: written
Bibliography: Adamjee, Qamar. “Strategies for Visual Narration in the Illustrated Chandayan Manuscripts.” PhD diss. Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, 2011. 107.; Gupta, Vivek. “Inscribing Orality: Calligraphy, Layout and the Vernacular Anxieties of the Chandayan Manuscripts.” In The Chandayan, vols. 42–55. Marg Publications, 2024.; Krishnadasa, Rai. “An Illustrated Avadhi Ms. of Laur-Chanda in the Bharat Kala Bhavan, Banaras.” In Lalit Kala 1-2. LALIT KALA AKADAMI, 1955. 66-71.

See the lexicon

rā' zā' descenders: rā'/zā' - plunging bowl
nūn sīn shīn sādḍād yā’ lām and qāf descenders: long plunging bowl; short plunging bowl
jīm ḥāʾ khā' and ‘ain ghayn descenders: semicircular backward tail
yā’ al-rāji’ah descenders: backward horizontal stroke

sīn shīn denticles: short pointed denticles
initial and medial bāʾ tāʾthāʾ nūn yāʾ denticles: initial slightly inclined to left

additional characteristics: Stacking of characters occurs especially in the oblique lines of the diamond shape layout