Manuscript, Yunnan, 1691, Chinese Muḥaqqaq · CallFront

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Manuscript, Yunnan, 1691, Chinese Muḥaqqaq

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Item descriptor

Copyrights Holder: CallFront
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Entry ID: China_AVN_JC_08
Author: Annie Vernay-Nouri; Johanna Cozzolino
Date: Safar 1103 H.; 1691
Localization Exactitude Degree: Approximate
Place of Production: China, Yunnan province
Present Location: Private collection
Website Link: https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2021/arts-of-the-islamic-world-india-including-fine-rugs-and-carpets-2/a-complete-quran-in-30-volumes-copied-by-mahmud
Language: Arabic
Type of text: Quran
Script: Chinese Muḥaqqaq
Color of the Script: black; gold; red
Signature: Mahmud ibn Sabir
Signature Role: calligrapher
Type of Object: manuscript\codex
Writing Surface: other
Size (of the object): 28 x 20.5 cm
Ruling (Manuscript): 5 lines
Technique: written

Script descriptor

See the lexicon

General Script Characteristics

Character Spacing: regular spaces between characters
Presence of Elongation: occasional
Ligature: Conventional - curvilinear; Conventional - straight
Shading / Contrast: medium contrast

Letter Morphology

Point: inclined square

Ascenders

Alif Ascenders: alif - top right serif; alif - thin shaft
Lām Ascenders: lām - vertical; lām - top right serif; lām - thin shaft
Kāf Ascenders: Initial, medial and final shaft slightly inclined to left; final vertical shaft with top arm (sarkaj); no top arm and superscript kāf; initial /medial compact form rounded body; sword-like top arm
ṭā' ẓā' ascenders: rounded body; vertical shaft with serif

Descenders

wāw descenders: wāw - long flattened tapered tail, hairline ending
rā' zā' descenders: rā'/zā' - long flattened tapered tail, hairline ending; rā'/zā' - v-shaped
mīm descenders: mīm - vertical downstroke; long flattened tapered tail, hairline ending
nūn sīn shīn sādḍād yā’ lām and qāf descenders: deep bowl; nūn, sīn/shīn, sād/ḍād, yā', lām, qāf - curvilinear flattened bowl
jīm ḥāʾ khā' and ‘ain ghayn descenders: semicircular backward tail; opening horizontal

horizontals

bāʾ tāʾ thāʾ fāʾ kāf horizontals: short bowl

denticles

sīn shīn denticles: short rounded denticles; rounded base denticles
initial and medial bāʾ tāʾthāʾ nūn yāʾ denticles: initial perpendicular to baseline; medial short pointed denticles

counters

hā' counters: isolated one-eyed round (mu'arrāh); initial / medial double eyed (wajh al-hirr); medial swollen double-eyed top and bottom (mulawwazah); final one-eyed (mardufah)
fā' qāf wāw counters: soft triangular head
medial 'ain ghayn counters: wide inverted triangle
mīm counters: rounded head pointed chin

vocalization and diacritics

fatḥa kasra vocalization and diacritics colour: black
ḍamma vocalization and diacritics: oblique tail (10°-35°); open eye
ḍamma vocalization and diacritics colour: black
hamza vocalization and diacritics: small ‘ain
hamza vocalization and diacritics colour: black
sukūn vocalization and diacritics: circle